Guides

Plain-English guides to the parts of UK tax that catch freelancers and the self-employed most often.

Each guide is short, sourced from HMRC's own published guidance, and updated for the 2026/27 tax year. No jargon, no padding, no assumed prior knowledge. If something isn't clear, write to us at hello@numro.co.uk and we'll improve it.

Tax basics

  • Income tax bands and rates for 2026/27
  • How the £100k personal allowance taper works (and why it creates a 60% marginal rate)
  • Class 2 and Class 4 National Insurance for the self-employed
  • Scottish income tax: what's different north of the border

Self-assessment

  • Do you need to file a self-assessment return?
  • Payment on Account explained: what it is, when you pay, and why January is harder than it looks
  • Allowable expenses: what HMRC will accept and what it won't
  • Subsistence vs entertainment: the rule that catches most freelancers
  • Use of home as office: the rules and the simplified expense flat rates

Making Tax Digital for Income Tax

  • Are you in scope for the April 2026 mandate?
  • What "MTD-compatible software" actually means
  • The 7 August 2026 first quarterly deadline

Specific situations

  • Side hustle alongside PAYE employment: how the tax stacks up
  • Dividend income and the dividend allowance
  • Rental income: tax, allowable expenses, the property allowance
  • Capital gains: the £3,000 annual allowance and how stacking with income tax works
  • Pension contributions and the tapered annual allowance
  • Gift Aid and the higher-rate tax band extension

Guides are added regularly. If there's a tax topic you'd like us to cover, let us know.